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Counterfactual Prompting for Critical Analysis

Counterfactual prompting asks "what if things had been different?"—what if a key event hadn't happened, or a person had chosen differently—to reveal how much that factor actually shaped outcomes. It's a way of moving beyond surface-level causation to understand which variables truly matter.

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Why It Matters

Counterfactual prompting asks an AI to explore what would have happened if a key variable changed, such as how history shifts if a treaty fails or how an argument collapses if a core assumption is false.

This technique sharpens the analytical writing skills that upper-division courses reward, because it forces you to understand causation and contingency rather than just summarize what did happen or what is currently argued.

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