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Record Substitution Strategy for Missing Documents

When a key document is missing (a death certificate, a marriage record), you can sometimes substitute circumstantial evidence—a will naming an heir, a census record listing a widow, a tax record showing property transfer. This strategy requires transparency about what you're missing and why the substitute documents you've chosen make a credible case.

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Why It Matters

Record substitution is the genealogical principle of replacing a destroyed or unavailable primary document with a set of secondary or derivative records that collectively provide the same informational value.

AI tools help researchers identify which substitute record types exist for specific time periods and regions, then analyze those substitutes together to reconstruct dates, relationships, and locations with a level of confidence close to that of the original document.

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