How do I decide whether to speak up about something wrong at work?

The fact that this tears you apart is not weakness — it is your conscience doing exactly its job. Easy answers here usually mean someone has stopped feeling the full weight. You are feeling it: the pull of loyalty, the reality of risk, the voice that says something is wrong. Honor that struggle; it is the sign you are taking it seriously. Loyalty is a real good, but it has a limit. Loyalty to people is not the same as loyalty to a wrong they are committing. Ask yourself who is harmed if you stay silent, and how badly. If the harm is serious and real, then silence is not neutrality — it is a choice with its own cost, one you would also have to carry. You do not have to decide the whole thing today. Take one clarifying step: write down, privately and plainly, exactly what you saw and why it troubles you. Facts, not fear. Seeing it clearly on paper will tell you whether this is a passing discomfort or a genuine duty. From that clarity, the right next move becomes far easier to see.